mahboobe ghobadpoor; Hossein Shahbazpour
Abstract
Verse 59 of Surah Nisa, which is referred to as Ul al-Amr, is one of the most important proofs of the legitimacy of obedience in the field of religious and political authority in the Qur'an, which is dedicated to the issue of the leadership of the Islamic Ummah and the absolute obedience of all Muslims ...
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Verse 59 of Surah Nisa, which is referred to as Ul al-Amr, is one of the most important proofs of the legitimacy of obedience in the field of religious and political authority in the Qur'an, which is dedicated to the issue of the leadership of the Islamic Ummah and the absolute obedience of all Muslims to them. According to this verse, believers are obliged to refer disputes and issues related to war and peace to the Supreme Leader, as a result, they have duties and powers in the field of community administration. Since the determination of Ul al-Amr's example is very important in the system of community administration, therefore, the scope of authority and the type of relationship of Ul al-Amr with the Messenger of God (PBUH) and the rulings of the society must be properly explained. Based on this, the main problem of this research is that according to the mentioned verse, can Vali-ye Faqih be considered an example of Ul al-Amr? In response to this issue, the approach of Shia and Sunni commentators is different; however, according to some of them, due to the lack of direct access to the infallible Imam, the term Ul al-Amr can also be applied to the fully qualified Supreme Leader. This research, using a descriptive-analytical method, tries to investigate the examples of Ul al-Amr in verse 59 of Surah Nisa.
Ghasem Bostanee; Amene Omidi; Hamzeh Obeidi Neisy
Abstract
the thoughts of society in its developments, thus examining this word is lexically and terminologically analyzed and compared to synonymous terms in a more precise and comprehensive sense. A comparative and overview of the history, historical accounts, hadith, and the Rejali used in the term Shi'a indicates ...
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the thoughts of society in its developments, thus examining this word is lexically and terminologically analyzed and compared to synonymous terms in a more precise and comprehensive sense. A comparative and overview of the history, historical accounts, hadith, and the Rejali used in the term Shi'a indicates semantic evolution in the meaning of Shi'a over many centuries, recognizing these developments and developments in the field, the semantic meaning of this word can indicate the relevance of the concept of the word to the scientific discourses of any age; for example, in Sunni books, we find terms such as Shiites, Tashayou, and others; From the primitive point of view, it is concluded that Shiite narrators have been widely sought after in the Sunni books, but by examining each one, we find that the word Shi'a has not been unique to Imamiyah, it has had a general meaning and several factors have led to the assignment of a narrator to the Shiites. Therefore, the present study uses a descriptive-analytical method to investigate the semantic changes of the word Shi'a with the approach of the history of the paradigm; It shows that the word Shi'a has been dynamic throughout history and has expanded or weakened over time and in historical developments, or in other words, it has been consistent with the thoughts of society in its developments, thus examining this The word is lexically and terminologically analyzed and compared to synonymous terms in a more precise and comprehensive sense.
yaser takfallah; habib karkonbirahgh
Abstract
Ibn Yamin, the eighth century Shiite poet, not only expresses his devotion to the Ahl al-Bayt (Peace be upon them) in his poems, but also, as an informed person in theological issues, proves Imamate of Amir al-Mu'minin (the first Imam of the Shiites) and that of his innocent household. In his poems, ...
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Ibn Yamin, the eighth century Shiite poet, not only expresses his devotion to the Ahl al-Bayt (Peace be upon them) in his poems, but also, as an informed person in theological issues, proves Imamate of Amir al-Mu'minin (the first Imam of the Shiites) and that of his innocent household. In his poems, he recited the verses of the Alvelaiah and Hadi al-ummah; Traditions of Rad al-shams, al-ghadir and al-manzilah; and the numerous attributes such as wisdom, infallibility, generosity, virtue, knowledge, power and courage in proving the Imamate of the Amir al-Mu'minin. By using two important dimensions of feeling and cognition at the same time, Ibn Yamin has been able to skillfully apply the higher Shiite teachings in his poetry while creating novel images of the spiritual status of the Imams (Peace be upon them). Therefore, his poems about the Shiite Imams can be considered as educational works that teach the theological dimension of the Imamate from the Shiite perspective. In this research, descriptive-analytical method has been used.
Reza Baniasadi; Fatemeh Ghoveh Nadooghan
Abstract
Ibn Taymiyyah criticized Allama Helli's rational argument about the Imamate of Imam Ali (a.s.), which he presented using the necessity of Imam's infallibility. While he generally does not accept the divine appointment of the Imam, he also rejects and does not accept the argument of the Imam's infallibility. ...
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Ibn Taymiyyah criticized Allama Helli's rational argument about the Imamate of Imam Ali (a.s.), which he presented using the necessity of Imam's infallibility. While he generally does not accept the divine appointment of the Imam, he also rejects and does not accept the argument of the Imam's infallibility. In fact, Ibn Taymiyyah's objections to the necessity of infallibility in the imam return to the denial of the principle of Imamate in the sense intended by the Shia; Because by accepting the Imamate in the intended sense of the Shia, there is no escaping the acceptance of infallibility and, following it, the Imamate of Imam Ali (a.s.). This article is written in a descriptive-analytical way and aims to express the issue of the strength and power of Allameh Helli's argument on the Imamate of Imam Ali (a.s.), and in fact, it answers the question whether Ibn Taymiyyah's objections to the first rational argument of Allameh Helli prove Imam Ali's Imamate. (A) Is it included? By reflecting on the problems of Ibn Taymiyyah, it is clear from Allama Helli's rational argument on the Imamate of Imam Ali (a.s.) that his opinions are rejected, that the confirmation of Allamah's argument and, as a result, the proof of the Imamate of Imam Ali (a.s.) and, consequently, other Shia imams follow has it.
esmail esbati
Abstract
ناصر بن علی قفاری از اساتید سلفی دانشگاه محمد بن سعود در کتاب «اصول مذهب الشیعه الامامیه، عرض و نقد» به نقد آرای شیعیان پرداخته است. فصل نخستین کتاب او دیدگاه شیعیان ...
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ناصر بن علی قفاری از اساتید سلفی دانشگاه محمد بن سعود در کتاب «اصول مذهب الشیعه الامامیه، عرض و نقد» به نقد آرای شیعیان پرداخته است. فصل نخستین کتاب او دیدگاه شیعیان درباره قرآن را به بوته نقد کشیده است. مساله تحریف قرآن یکی از موضوعات مطرح در این بخش است.از نظر او شیعیان از دیرباز باور به تحریف قرآن داشته اند. او با استفاده از برخی از منابع شیعی مانند کتاب «فصل الخطاب فی تحریف کتاب رب الارباب» میرزا حسین نوری، و با نظر به برخی از روایات کتاب کافی، شیخ کلینی را از باورمندان به تحریف قرآن دانسته است. این نوشته ادعاهای او را بررسی کرده و نشان می دهد که شیخ کلینی هرگز ادعای باور به تحریف قرآن را مطرح نکرده و از روایات کافی نیز چنین انگاره ای استخراج نمی شود از سویی شواهد و قرائنی وجود دارد که نشان می دهد شیخ کلینی معتقد به تحریف قرآن نبوده است.
maryam khoshnevisan; Seyed Sadreddin Taheri Moosavi; Babak Abbasi
Abstract
The current article has been compiled to explain comparatively the issue of the temporal contingency of the material world according to the views of four Islamic denominations, Mu'tazila, Ash'arites, Matradaiyeh, and Shiites, in addition to Avicenna, the Muslim philosopher and the founder of the philosophy ...
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The current article has been compiled to explain comparatively the issue of the temporal contingency of the material world according to the views of four Islamic denominations, Mu'tazila, Ash'arites, Matradaiyeh, and Shiites, in addition to Avicenna, the Muslim philosopher and the founder of the philosophy of peripatetic. First, the article addresses a preliminary statement about the meaning of temporary contingency and its opposite, namely the eternality and meaning of the Universe, as expressed by the heads of Sunni religious denominations, the Mu'tazilites and the Ash'arites and Materidiyya, by directly referring to the sayings of the heads of these denominations, then, in this article, the theory of Avicenna has been explained, and finally, the authors have judged these theories. Among the results of this paper is that the theologian rule for the contingency of the universe is failed. The problem of the creation of matter from nothing makes a problem for both philosophers and theologians. And finally, it seems that the theory of eternality of the universe is more reasonable.
sayyedsajjad jafari
Abstract
The issue of the infallibility of the prophets is one of the topics that has always been disputed between the Imams and the Sunnis in its scope and scope. , Often due to the appearance of some verses do not believe in the infallibility of the Prophet. In all respects. The present article is descriptive-analytical, ...
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The issue of the infallibility of the prophets is one of the topics that has always been disputed between the Imams and the Sunnis in its scope and scope. , Often due to the appearance of some verses do not believe in the infallibility of the Prophet. In all respects. The present article is descriptive-analytical, and using library sources to compare the views of Fakhr Razi, one of the Sunni commentators on theological issues, and Tabarsi, one of the great Imami commentators on the following verses; 105 and 106 of Surah An-Nisa '; 49 سوره مائده 43 سوره توبه; 52 سوره حج; 37 سوره احزاب; 2 سوره فتح میپردازد. Tabarsi, like most Imams, believes that the Prophet is infallible and that this infallibility existed before and after the prophecy, while Fakhr al-Razi, according to the appearance of the verses, believes that infallibility is not necessary for the Prophet قبل before the resurrection, but it is necessary. It is from the time of revelation.
Mohammad Esmaeil Abdollahi; Abolfazl tajik; ehsan Ahmadi khaveh
Abstract
Throughout the history of Islam, the accusation of Shiism against some Sufis and the accusation of Sufiism against some Shiites have caused the relationship between these two intellectual currents in the history of Islam to become the focus of researchers. The main issue discussed in this article is ...
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Throughout the history of Islam, the accusation of Shiism against some Sufis and the accusation of Sufiism against some Shiites have caused the relationship between these two intellectual currents in the history of Islam to become the focus of researchers. The main issue discussed in this article is what kind of relationship exists between Shiism and Sufism and ğolov and what was the basis of the influence of each on the other? The primary hypothesis of the research is that: despite the differences that both Sufism and Shiism have in some epistemological foundations, the issue of Welayah (guardianship) has been the link between these two streams throughout the history of Islam. The emergence of the historical phenomenon of Ghulism parallel to Shiism in the history of Islam and the continuation of Ghulat life among some Shiite sects in the form of Sufism are important historical points. This article tries to investigate the historical links of Shiism and Sufism with a descriptive-analytical method and point out the role of Ghulat and their relationship with Sufism and Shiism so that it can bring a new field for further research in this field
Seyyed Kazem Kazem Mousavi; Mostafa Soltani
Abstract
Muslims share the same views on many religious, fiqh, and ethical issues. This article has attempted to address one common principle of theological religions and to bring this truth to the fore by presenting an interpretation and explanation of the religions of the most important issue of belief, monotheism ...
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Muslims share the same views on many religious, fiqh, and ethical issues. This article has attempted to address one common principle of theological religions and to bring this truth to the fore by presenting an interpretation and explanation of the religions of the most important issue of belief, monotheism and Muslims call for infidelity and dualism by calling for monotheism. METHOD: This is a descriptive-analytical study and according to the type of research it has been done as a librarian. FINDINGS: The results of the study showed that contrary to the verses and traditions that invite people to the Touhid and they call intercession and intercession instances of worship and divine closeness, The "Wahhabism " of resorting to and intercession of God's authorities is incompatible with the principle of monotheism in worship. Therefore, Ibn Taymiyyah imagines praying for intercession from his relatives and resorting to sacred spirits and so all Muslims except the people who think like him are polytheists and infidels and this has caused a sharp divide among the Islamic Ummah and Monotheism, which can be the best means of unifying the Islamic Ummah, has become a tool of division. RESULT: The only way to reach divine perfection and unity is to unite the Muslims and to unite around Hibbullah and Touhid that the prophets have become for this purpose.
saeed tavakkoli zadeh; rasoul razavi
Abstract
Sometimes, these terms are used in two different sciences. An example of the term "Islam" and "infidelity" is in the two sciences of jurisprudence and theology, which have both jurisprudential and theological effects. Since there is a fundamental difference between these two sciences, it is not the honor ...
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Sometimes, these terms are used in two different sciences. An example of the term "Islam" and "infidelity" is in the two sciences of jurisprudence and theology, which have both jurisprudential and theological effects. Since there is a fundamental difference between these two sciences, it is not the honor of the jurist to say the criterion of happiness, nor is the speaker able to speak of the rules.Looking at his works and in a descriptive-analytical method, we come to the conclusion that the jurists of "Islam" have contented themselves with expressing the language of martyrdom and have imposed on it such rules as purity, marriage, inheritance, respect for blood and property; In this science, the infidel is the person who refuses such a statement. Certainly, the mere fact of such a confession or denial is not a cause for happiness or fortune. Apart from the rule of reason, verses and hadiths also say that a person achieves salvation by obeying the commands that have been made clear to him. And only the unfortunate one who denies it after knowing the truth.Therefore, it is appropriate to analyze and gather the evidence that a person may be a Muslim from the point of view of the jurists, but the theologians call him an infidel. On the contrary, he should be a disbeliever in jurisprudence while he has a spirit of submission and a degree of Islam. Therefore, Islam and infidelity are common verbs in the two sciences of jurisprudence and theology.
mohamad sahaf kashani
Abstract
The Qur'an and the Testaments (Bible) contain hundreds of prophecies about small and big events in the future, but this issue is more important in the Testaments. Prophecies form a large part of the Old and New Testaments. In Christian theology, the term prophet refers to a person who predicts future ...
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The Qur'an and the Testaments (Bible) contain hundreds of prophecies about small and big events in the future, but this issue is more important in the Testaments. Prophecies form a large part of the Old and New Testaments. In Christian theology, the term prophet refers to a person who predicts future events, and the occurrence of a prophecy is a sign of the authenticity of the prophet's claim. By examining the prophecies in Ahedin, we can see that some of these prophecies are vague, general and without time and place restrictions, etc., and as a result, it is not possible to verify their accuracy. On the other hand, some of these prophecies have characteristics such as time, place, or other limitations, and as a result, it is possible to verify the accuracy of these prophecies by referring to historical documents. For a long time, research and research on this category of prophecies and their verification has been considered as one of the methods of validating the vows. According to the opinion of many researchers, the realization of some of Ahedin's prophecies is doubtful; Also, in some cases, it can be said with certainty that they will not be realized. Of course, on the other hand, traditional Christian scholars and commentators of the Bible have defended these prophecies by providing different interpretations or interpreting these phrases in many cases, although in some cases they have accepted the non-fulfillment of these prophecies. The results of this research show that although many of the prophecies of the Covenant were fulfilled, some of the prophecies of the Covenant were never fulfilled, and this issue is considered one of the issues of concern to the critics of the Covenant to prove the distortion in this book, while this issue is about the Qur'an. It cannot be seen and all the timely prophecies of the Qur'an have come true.
mostafa amiri; haydarali rostami
Abstract
Abu Jaafar Muhammad bin Hassan Tusi, nicknamed "Sheikh of Al-Taifa", a famous Shia jurist, commentator, commentator and theologian in the fifth century of the lunar calendar, as a representative of the Baghdad school with the establishment of the Najaf branch, is the author of precious works of Shia ...
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Abu Jaafar Muhammad bin Hassan Tusi, nicknamed "Sheikh of Al-Taifa", a famous Shia jurist, commentator, commentator and theologian in the fifth century of the lunar calendar, as a representative of the Baghdad school with the establishment of the Najaf branch, is the author of precious works of Shia in various religious areas; In Kalam and Hadith, his book "Al-Ghaibah", which is the subject of this article, is one of the most important Shia Mahdavi sources. Al-Ghaibah of Sheikh Tusi, as a comprehensive intellectual and narrative discussion on the subject of occultation, due to the theological arrangement of this book, as well as the Sheikh's different method of choosing religious traditions in the use of enlightening narrations, has added to the value and credibility of this book, as well as the extra-religious perspective. Shaykh compiled the book of Al-Ghaibah with regard to the typology of theological thought in the fifth century and the answer to the doubts of the deviant sects of Mahdism that branched off in the era of the Imams, the methods of bearing the hadith, his unified method of proving the occult, all of which are a distinguished work of his book as a representative The school of Baghdad has been exhibited and therefore deserves a modernist re-reading.
seyydbagher hoseini karimi
Abstract
The approach of the theological and philosophical currents of the Islamic world in the use of reason and the relationship between it and narration has been different. Considering the importance of the opinions of Seyyed Morteza and Allameh Tabataba'i regarding the meaning, authority, and relationship ...
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The approach of the theological and philosophical currents of the Islamic world in the use of reason and the relationship between it and narration has been different. Considering the importance of the opinions of Seyyed Morteza and Allameh Tabataba'i regarding the meaning, authority, and relationship between reason and narration, we tried to study this issue comparatively from the perspective of these two nobles. research method: the present research has studied the title of this research descriptively and analytically until it reaches the desired result. research findings: Seyyed Morteza considers reason to mean the set of sciences that is obtained for the oblige. Allameh refers to the intellect in the sense of human cognition, and the truth of the human soul as evidence. From the point of view of these two nobles, the authority of the intellect is inherent in it and is considered as a source of knowledge. From the point of view of these two, each of the intellect and narration, while having their own realm, but in many cases, confirm each other. They have a similar view on the discussion of the conflict between reason and narration.
masoomeh zare deabady; majid maaref; ghasemali kouchnani
Abstract
Belief in divine predestination is one of the Islamic beliefs because many verses and traditions specify it, and in addition to the philosophical dimension, it also has a social and practical aspect. And it is effective in the method and action and social spirit and in the greatness of the tribes and ...
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Belief in divine predestination is one of the Islamic beliefs because many verses and traditions specify it, and in addition to the philosophical dimension, it also has a social and practical aspect. And it is effective in the method and action and social spirit and in the greatness of the tribes and nations. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of social effects of belief in fate and fate based on the verses of the Quran. In this article, which is done with a descriptive, analytical method with a Qur'anic and narrative approach, the books of the Islamic field and the Islamic Kalam software have been used to investigate the social effects of the belief in destiny and fate. The findings have shown that belief in fate and destiny is among the general issues, and it is effective by penetrating the human mind and will in social life and the quality of dealing with and dealing with incidents.Conclusion: Overall, it is clear from Islamic history that the Muslims of early Islam received this teaching with their firm belief in predestination and destiny, so that they did not see any contradictions with their own control over their destiny. And therefore, their strong belief in fate, do not lead them to the belief of predestination.
Seyyed Jaaber Mousavirad
Abstract
The exploration of the meaning of life remains a central concern for contemporary humans. While Heidegger did not explicitly address this matter, his opinions can be discerned from his writings. He posited that modern humanity grapples with a form of nihilism, and the remedy lies in a return to authentic ...
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The exploration of the meaning of life remains a central concern for contemporary humans. While Heidegger did not explicitly address this matter, his opinions can be discerned from his writings. He posited that modern humanity grapples with a form of nihilism, and the remedy lies in a return to authentic existence. In the later part of his life, Heidegger emphasized the importance of preventing dominance over nature and promoting respect for it as the criterion for the meaning of life. One significant limitation of Heidegger's perspective is the neglect of the role of goals and purpose in imparting meaning to life. In contrast, religious views provide a framework depicting a perfect, transcendent, and eternal goal for human life. This divine goal can guide individuals toward the pinnacle of meaning in life.
Mohammad Hasan Nadem
Abstract
In the Imamiyyah belief system, the teaching of the Word of Ismat is one of the fundamental issues of the Prophet and Imamate. From the beginning, it has been the concern of Islamic scholars and scientists, with special consideration and with different approaches, especially the Shiites who regard infallibility ...
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In the Imamiyyah belief system, the teaching of the Word of Ismat is one of the fundamental issues of the Prophet and Imamate. From the beginning, it has been the concern of Islamic scholars and scientists, with special consideration and with different approaches, especially the Shiites who regard infallibility as one of the conditions of the Imamate, and all of them have agreed on the principle of its belief, but about its realm, with different approaches have commented and disagreed. Among the approaches, two approaches have played a decisive role in the theological discourse, one the rationalist approach of Baghdad theologians, and the other the narrators approach of Qom scholars, of Sheikh Mofid theologians and Sheikh Saduq narrators as prominent personalities, each belonged to a school which was effective in the history of the Imamiyyah, were selected, in order to examine their views on the realm of infallibility, to show their commonalities and disagreements in various ways
Abstract
The current curriculum for MA in Islamic Theology was designed in 1384 (2005). After 16 years, now it needs both minor and major revisions in courses as well as its headlines. This includes eliminations, introductions, minor changes, or major changes. In this paper, drawing on the teaching experiences ...
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The current curriculum for MA in Islamic Theology was designed in 1384 (2005). After 16 years, now it needs both minor and major revisions in courses as well as its headlines. This includes eliminations, introductions, minor changes, or major changes. In this paper, drawing on the teaching experiences of the authors and others in this area, we propose a better-designed and a more comprehensive curriculum. In this proposal some courses are eliminated due to uselessness and some other necessary ones are introduced. Other revisions include change in the title of courses to better match with their content. In general, all courses are revised and updated one by one. By providing a report on the status quo, criticizing it, evaluating it, and suggesting an ideal situation, we propose a new curriculum. Although it probably has its own faults and will get old due time, it is clear that the current curriculum needs some major revisions.
zohreh akhavanmoghaddam
Abstract
The life of Imam Javad (a.s.) is distinguished from other imams due to some phenomena; Because during the era of his noble father and grandfather, beliefs were created among the Shiites that deviated some people from the truth and led them to falsehood and caused them to not accept his Imamate and created ...
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The life of Imam Javad (a.s.) is distinguished from other imams due to some phenomena; Because during the era of his noble father and grandfather, beliefs were created among the Shiites that deviated some people from the truth and led them to falsehood and caused them to not accept his Imamate and created doubts in this context. The present article deals with the behavior of Imam Reza (a.s.) in a descriptive-analytical manner, while enumerating the doubts entered in this matter, and the typology of his confrontation in dealing with the doubts. The research showed that the three currents of "waqf" thinking since the time of the 7th Imam, in the sense of "the end of the Imamate in the province of Imam Kazim (a.s.)" on the one hand, "creating doubts about the sterility of Imam Reza (a.s.)" on the other hand, and also, "Imam Javad (a.s.) was seven years old at the time of his father's martyrdom", greatly caused doubts among the Shiites, and this required the necessary grounding by the eighth Imam. Imam Reza (a.s.) with the news about the birth of Imam Javad (a.s.), Rejecting the doubts of Waqfiyyah with Quranic and rational reasons and other examples, they sought to answer the doubtsof interpreting the Qur'an to the Qur'an is the only method of the Ahl al-Bayt. peace be upon him and it should be considered one of the characteristics of the Shia religion
Mohammadreza Ebrahimnejad
Abstract
One of the things that Allameh Tabatabai cared about was protecting the Shia religion and culture. Allameh had come to the conclusion that the West's understanding of the Shiite religion is incomplete and negative, and with the aim of compensating and correcting this great deficiency, he started a wide-ranging ...
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One of the things that Allameh Tabatabai cared about was protecting the Shia religion and culture. Allameh had come to the conclusion that the West's understanding of the Shiite religion is incomplete and negative, and with the aim of compensating and correcting this great deficiency, he started a wide-ranging scientific struggle. Among the important features of Shia that Allameh left no stone unturned in proving and popularizing, was the Qur'an-orbital method or "interpretation of the Qur'an by the Qur'an." In this article, an attempt has been made to analyze and present the process of his scientific efforts in this field. Allameh has traveled this scientific path in two negative and positive stages; In the first stage, the major and common methods of interpretation - that is, the hadith, theological, philosophical, Sufi, sensualist and theological methods - Ramarafi has expressed the common and specific criticisms of each with arguments, including that all these methods are actually adaptations, not interpretations; In the second stage, by using the verses of the Qur'an, the traditions and the traditions of the Ahl al-Bayt (PBUH), he mentioned the acceptability of interpreting the Qur'an through the Qur'an and its necessity along with its valuable results, and finally reached the goal that the method of interpreting the Qur'an to the Qur'an is the only method of the Ahl al-Bayt. peace be upon him and it should be considered one of the characteristics of the Shia religion.
Zohre Akhavan Moghadam; Fereshteh Taheri
Abstract
The current article has been compiled to explain comparatively the issue of the temporal contingency of the material world according to the views of four Islamic denominations, Mu'tazila, Ash'arites, Matradaiyeh, and Shiites, in addition to Avicenna, the Muslim philosopher and the founder of the philosophy ...
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The current article has been compiled to explain comparatively the issue of the temporal contingency of the material world according to the views of four Islamic denominations, Mu'tazila, Ash'arites, Matradaiyeh, and Shiites, in addition to Avicenna, the Muslim philosopher and the founder of the philosophy of peripatetic. First, the article addresses a preliminary statement about the meaning of temporary contingency and its opposite, namely the eternality and meaning of the Universe, as expressed by the heads of Sunni religious denominations, the Mu'tazilites and the Ash'arites and Materidiyya, by directly referring to the sayings of the heads of these denominations, then, in this article, the theory of Avicenna has been explained, and finally, the authors have judged these theories. Among the results of this paper is that the theologian rule for the contingency of the universe is failed. The problem of the creation of matter from nothing makes a problem for both philosophers and theologians. And finally, it
fatemeh fallah tafti
Abstract
Pilgrimage consists of three pillars of pilgrimage, forgery and heart tendency, which in addition to acquainting the pilgrim with the rank and glory of the saints of God, has undeniable effects on his spiritual construction. Nevertheless, the Salafis believe that pilgrimage is simply a form of worship ...
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Pilgrimage consists of three pillars of pilgrimage, forgery and heart tendency, which in addition to acquainting the pilgrim with the rank and glory of the saints of God, has undeniable effects on his spiritual construction. Nevertheless, the Salafis believe that pilgrimage is simply a form of worship for graves and therefore attributes the grave to the Shiites. Rashid Reza, for example, in his commentary on Al-Manar, which is one of the most important commentaries of the Sunnis, states the reasons for being a gravedigger and the relation of polytheism to the Shiites. He, who has borrowed these arguments from his Salafi predecessors, Ibn Taymiyyah, explains these arguments by quoting verses from the Qur'an. This article, which is written in a descriptive and analytical manner, critiques and examines these arguments. The findings of the study indicate that the lack of correct understanding of the verses, lack of attention to the Sunnah of the Prophet and the elders of Shiite and Sunni scholars and also unfamiliarity with Shiites to understand the intentions and actions of the people and their properties have caused such doubts and confused the commentator. Has discussed.
Mohammad Tayeb Bozorgzadeh; SeydMohammad Hossein Moosavi; Ebrahim Noori
Abstract
Death hearing has several uses, in some verses it refers to the non-hearing of the unbelievers, which in fact means that they are dead, in other verses it refers to the Prophet (PBUH) talking to the bodies of the dead and also to the martyrs being alive after death. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze ...
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Death hearing has several uses, in some verses it refers to the non-hearing of the unbelievers, which in fact means that they are dead, in other verses it refers to the Prophet (PBUH) talking to the bodies of the dead and also to the martyrs being alive after death. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze its dimensions. This research, using a descriptive-analytical method, has compared the views of Mohammad Shafi Osmani and Ayatollah Javadi Amoli on the issue of hearing death and comes to the conclusion that from the point of view of the two commentators, the inability to hear the dead is an allusion to the infidels not hearing the call of truth. It is as if they are dead and cannot hear the truth. The findings of the research show that there is not much difference between these two commentators in the discussed issue. In the interpretation of the teachings of the Qur'an and Tasnim, both commentators refer to the battles of Badr and Uhud and the words that the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) and Hazrat Saleh (PBUH) had with the dead, the martyrs have a purgatory life and are blessed and happy
Tahereh Sharif; Ebrahim Barzegar
Abstract
Political Islam after the Islamic Revolution in the Islamic Republic became a concrete entity and in political marketing, the public opinion of the Islamic world became a consuming commodity for Muslims in the Muslim world who have always been frustrated, defeated, and failed in the modern age. This ...
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Political Islam after the Islamic Revolution in the Islamic Republic became a concrete entity and in political marketing, the public opinion of the Islamic world became a consuming commodity for Muslims in the Muslim world who have always been frustrated, defeated, and failed in the modern age. This revolutionary reading of Islam in Iran demonstrated its practical and objective success in the form of social changes in the Islamic Revolution, systematization with the logic of the Islamic Republic that applied tradition and modernity in a balanced composition, as well as the establishment of a forty-year lasting system. But the Wahhabi rivalry model and here ISIS has stepped up its stance with the ISIS’s half-government in Iraq and Syria. This article deals with the comparative comparison of political beliefs, political ethics, and political behavior in the political system of Shiites and ISIS. Some of the comparisons are belief Comparison of the issue of Savior and Mahdism, the moral comparison of the issue of caliphate and guardianship, and the behavioral comparison of the important issue of jihad and war
mahdi mahdavi ala; ajireza khatamshishebor
Abstract
The attribute of infallibility is one of the most fundamental and important issues ofprophecy. It is against the divine wisdom to make mistakes that are not completelycorrect because of the human guide for religious leaders. Considering that the realmof infallibility has different levels, the scholars ...
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The attribute of infallibility is one of the most fundamental and important issues ofprophecy. It is against the divine wisdom to make mistakes that are not completelycorrect because of the human guide for religious leaders. Considering that the realmof infallibility has different levels, the scholars of Islamic religions, each influencedby their own ideological foundations, after analyzing and studying the realm of theinfallibility of the prophets, have contented themselves with accepting certain levelsor degrees of infallibility. The view of the infallibility of the prophets in three stagesof dressing up any infidelity and polytheism, as well as considering and preservingthe Shari'a, as well as propagating the rules and teachings of the Shari'a, is acceptedby all Islamic theologians except Baqalani, who recently has a different theory. Theidea of absolute infallibility for the apostles in the order of practicing the law is in linewith the characteristics of prophecy and is acceptable. The approach of the prophetsto be free from inadvertence, error, and mistake in the ordinary affairs of life isconsidered by most Imami thinkers. In general, the theory of truth and perfection inthe realm of the infallibility of the prophets is the view of the all-encompassinginfallibility - in all respects - which is in accordance with the standards and divinewisdom. It is worth mentioning that the present work while paying attention to theviews of theologians of the Imami, Mu'tazilite, and Ash'arite religions, focuses moreon the thoughts of Seyyed Morteza and Fakhreddin Razi.
fatemeh ahmadi; zohreh Mansouri
Abstract
Salafiyyeh is one of the new sects that consider themselves subordinate to Salaf Salih and are interested in reviving the tradition and style of Salaf Salih and following the Prophet of Islam (PBUH), his companions and followers. The Salafi movement, in its own opinion, has placed religious reformism ...
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Salafiyyeh is one of the new sects that consider themselves subordinate to Salaf Salih and are interested in reviving the tradition and style of Salaf Salih and following the Prophet of Islam (PBUH), his companions and followers. The Salafi movement, in its own opinion, has placed religious reformism and ideological reformism at the forefront of its interpretations and beliefs. He considers it his mission to remove rationalistic beliefs and restrictions from the field of religious texts, and they emphasize the superficiality and simple understanding of the Qur'an and the Sunnah based on the opinions of the Salaf Salih without considering the logic and principles of correct understanding. The interpretative inconsistency of the commentators of the Salafi movement, such as Ibn Taymiyyeh, Ibn Kathir and Alousi in a wide range, is a sign of the weakening of the ideological structure of this movement. In order to explain and clarify the error of their interpretive votes, it is necessary to deal with the interpretive approach of Salafiyyeh. Understanding the interpretation methods and choosing the right methods and how to use the hadiths in the right way is one of the important goals of this research. One of the most important findings of this research is that the Salafists consider themselves to adhere to the sayings of the Companions and followers in the interpretation of the verses of the Qur'an, including the verses of the vision of God. According to them, reason has no place and they don't value it. Salafis constantly insist on the appearance of verses, whose interpretive structure is hadiths. Their appearance orientation and fixation on the appearance of the Qur'an is one of the main factors of the weakness of their method. This article has been compiled with a descriptive-analytical method and referring to authentic books, in order to explain in detail, the reasons and critique it from within the Qur'anic verses and hadiths
