SEYED MOHAMMAD HASSAN MOMENI
Abstract
The issue of caliphate and imamate after prophethood is one of the most important theological and historical issues in Islamic society. Imamiyyah, by emphasizing the standard of infallibility, considers this position to be exclusive to the infallible imams, peace be upon them. In obedience to Saqifah, ...
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The issue of caliphate and imamate after prophethood is one of the most important theological and historical issues in Islamic society. Imamiyyah, by emphasizing the standard of infallibility, considers this position to be exclusive to the infallible imams, peace be upon them. In obedience to Saqifah, AL-Ammah has accepted the caliphate of Saqifah and other caliphs. Accepting the rule of the Saqifah caliphs is facing the intellectual challenge of preference of an inferior person, (the low), to the one who is the best and the superior, (Commander of the Faithful -Amirul Momineen- Ali, peace be upon him). Therefore, Sunni scholars have tried to resolve this intellectual challenge. Ibn Abi al-Hadid Mu'tazili accomplished this task with a jurisprudential approach and Halabi tried to accomplish it with a rational-political approach. Halabi, based on Bo Ali Sina's basis in distinguishing between science and reason, with the increased claim of the political power of the inferior, has given in to his permission. Despite all these efforts, the idea of permissibility prefers the inferior, (the low), and is distorted from various intellectual and Quranic aspects. In this article, we have studied the historical roots of this saying by comparing the sayings of Ibn Abi al-Hadid and Halabi, and we have carefully counted its problems with the analytical-descriptive method
somayeh khalili Ashtiani
Abstract
One of the most important discussions of theology among the Islamic sects from the beginning of the formation of theology to the present, which has been controversial, is the divine attributes. In the meantime, Maturidiyya, who in the 4th century AH, by adopting a moderate means of the Mu'tazilites and ...
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One of the most important discussions of theology among the Islamic sects from the beginning of the formation of theology to the present, which has been controversial, is the divine attributes. In the meantime, Maturidiyya, who in the 4th century AH, by adopting a moderate means of the Mu'tazilites and Ash'arites by Abu-Mansour Maturidiy is formed, in terms of the ontological of the divine attributes, is unanimous with the Ash'arites and Imāmī. In this school, rationalism (intellectualism) predominates on externalism, and in the semantic of divine attributes, as it is clear from its interpretation of the verses related to the Khabriyya attributes (corporeal form), it is consistent with the Imāmī and the Mu'tazilites in terms of God’s incomparability purification of its vision and its esoteric exegesis and liberty. However, in the question of the vision of the Almighty God during the Resurrection, in addition to the scriptural reasons, he also cited rational reasons, and by accepting the question of the vision of God, in fact, he would diminish his vision and, like the Ash'arites, adopts the verses, and believes the vision without quality
farideh hakimi; Mahdi Dehbashi
Abstract
The main purpose of this research is to examine the views of Ghazali and Ibn Sina on one of the most controversial theological issues in the field of Islamic philosophy, namely the attributes of God and how these two thinkers explain the divine attributes. Due to the fact that Ibn Sina considers it impossible ...
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The main purpose of this research is to examine the views of Ghazali and Ibn Sina on one of the most controversial theological issues in the field of Islamic philosophy, namely the attributes of God and how these two thinkers explain the divine attributes. Due to the fact that Ibn Sina considers it impossible to understand the nature of God, therefore, he considers it possible to know him only through the knowledge of divine attributes.Because Ibn Sina considers God's attributes to be the same as His essence, so whoever can know His attributes is as if he has understood His essence. Contrary to Ibn Sina's opinion, Ghazali's approach regarding God's attributes has undergone many changes during different stages of his life. Because according to him, we can only attribute attributes to God that God has described Himself to. So, based on this, he considers God's attributes neither as his nor as other than him, and he believes that we should not ask any questions about this at all. The present article analyzed this issue with a library method and sought to resolve the ambiguities raised in this regard
Yahya Solati
Abstract
Abstract:Infallibility is considered as one of the important elements in the matter of prophecy, without paying attention to it, the subject of prophecy will be ruled out. Literally, infallibility means "holding back" and "forbidding" and from the idiomatic point of view, it means a soul that prevents ...
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Abstract:Infallibility is considered as one of the important elements in the matter of prophecy, without paying attention to it, the subject of prophecy will be ruled out. Literally, infallibility means "holding back" and "forbidding" and from the idiomatic point of view, it means a soul that prevents prophets and saints from committing sins, errors and mistakes. . The existence of this steadfast queen in the eyes of the prophets is a divine gift given to them according to their merit. Due to the difference in the spiritual position of the prophets, their infallibility is different; In such a way that the first prophets enjoyed more complete infallibility, and among them, Khatam al-Murslin (Prophet of Islam) has the most complete level of infallibility.The issue of infallibility has been the subject of serious attention by Muslim theologians; Just as Adliyyah theologians and Imamiyyah theologians accept the infallibility of the prophets as a divine gift and consider it compatible with the free will of the infallible; However, Mu'tazila theologians, while emphasizing the authority of the infallible, attribute the queen of infallibility to the era after the prophets.Allamah Tabataba'i, while accepting the Imamiyyah view, interpreted infallibility in his own way. This Neo-Sadrai philosopher examines infallibility based on his theological and philosophical standards and considers it as an inherent characteristic of prophecy.Keywords: infallibility, prophecy, Allamah Tabatabaei, God's grace, God's prophets, Islamic theologians, God's saints.
esmail esbati
Abstract
ناصر بن علی قفاری از اساتید سلفی دانشگاه محمد بن سعود در کتاب «اصول مذهب الشیعه الامامیه، عرض و نقد» به نقد آرای شیعیان پرداخته است. فصل نخستین کتاب او دیدگاه شیعیان ...
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ناصر بن علی قفاری از اساتید سلفی دانشگاه محمد بن سعود در کتاب «اصول مذهب الشیعه الامامیه، عرض و نقد» به نقد آرای شیعیان پرداخته است. فصل نخستین کتاب او دیدگاه شیعیان درباره قرآن را به بوته نقد کشیده است. مساله تحریف قرآن یکی از موضوعات مطرح در این بخش است.از نظر او شیعیان از دیرباز باور به تحریف قرآن داشته اند. او با استفاده از برخی از منابع شیعی مانند کتاب «فصل الخطاب فی تحریف کتاب رب الارباب» میرزا حسین نوری، و با نظر به برخی از روایات کتاب کافی، شیخ کلینی را از باورمندان به تحریف قرآن دانسته است. این نوشته ادعاهای او را بررسی کرده و نشان می دهد که شیخ کلینی هرگز ادعای باور به تحریف قرآن را مطرح نکرده و از روایات کافی نیز چنین انگاره ای استخراج نمی شود از سویی شواهد و قرائنی وجود دارد که نشان می دهد شیخ کلینی معتقد به تحریف قرآن نبوده است.
mostafa amiri; haydarali rostami
Abstract
Abu Jaafar Muhammad bin Hassan Tusi, nicknamed "Sheikh of Al-Taifa", a famous Shia jurist, commentator, commentator and theologian in the fifth century of the lunar calendar, as a representative of the Baghdad school with the establishment of the Najaf branch, is the author of precious works of Shia ...
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Abu Jaafar Muhammad bin Hassan Tusi, nicknamed "Sheikh of Al-Taifa", a famous Shia jurist, commentator, commentator and theologian in the fifth century of the lunar calendar, as a representative of the Baghdad school with the establishment of the Najaf branch, is the author of precious works of Shia in various religious areas; In Kalam and Hadith, his book "Al-Ghaibah", which is the subject of this article, is one of the most important Shia Mahdavi sources. Al-Ghaibah of Sheikh Tusi, as a comprehensive intellectual and narrative discussion on the subject of occultation, due to the theological arrangement of this book, as well as the Sheikh's different method of choosing religious traditions in the use of enlightening narrations, has added to the value and credibility of this book, as well as the extra-religious perspective. Shaykh compiled the book of Al-Ghaibah with regard to the typology of theological thought in the fifth century and the answer to the doubts of the deviant sects of Mahdism that branched off in the era of the Imams, the methods of bearing the hadith, his unified method of proving the occult, all of which are a distinguished work of his book as a representative The school of Baghdad has been exhibited and therefore deserves a modernist re-reading.
Mohammadreza Ebrahimnejad; Ali Karbalaei Pazuki
Abstract
One of the things that Allameh Tabatabai cared about was protecting the Shia religion and culture. Allameh had come to the conclusion that the West's understanding of the Shiite religion is incomplete and negative, and with the aim of compensating and correcting this great deficiency, he started a wide-ranging ...
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One of the things that Allameh Tabatabai cared about was protecting the Shia religion and culture. Allameh had come to the conclusion that the West's understanding of the Shiite religion is incomplete and negative, and with the aim of compensating and correcting this great deficiency, he started a wide-ranging scientific struggle. Among the important features of Shia that Allameh left no stone unturned in proving and popularizing, was the Qur'an-orbital method or "interpretation of the Qur'an by the Qur'an." In this article, an attempt has been made to analyze and present the process of his scientific efforts in this field. Allameh has traveled this scientific path in two negative and positive stages; In the first stage, the major and common methods of interpretation - that is, the hadith, theological, philosophical, Sufi, sensualist and theological methods - Ramarafi has expressed the common and specific criticisms of each with arguments, including that all these methods are actually adaptations, not interpretations; In the second stage, by using the verses of the Qur'an, the traditions and the traditions of the Ahl al-Bayt (PBUH), he mentioned the acceptability of interpreting the Qur'an through the Qur'an and its necessity along with its valuable results, and finally reached the goal that the method of interpreting the Qur'an to the Qur'an is the only method of the Ahl al-Bayt. peace be upon him and it should be considered one of the characteristics of the Shia religion.
sayyedsajjad jafari; mahdi nemati
Abstract
One of the important topics related to religion is its connection with rationality, around which various views have been raised; As today, a group of people talk about pure rationalism as an independent criterion for distinguishing between right and wrong, for this reason, the present study seeks to ...
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One of the important topics related to religion is its connection with rationality, around which various views have been raised; As today, a group of people talk about pure rationalism as an independent criterion for distinguishing between right and wrong, for this reason, the present study seeks to answer the question, to what extent the theory of rationality can be a suitable criterion for answering, with a comparative study of religious spirituality and rational spirituality. And replace religious spirituality? The research method is analytical-descriptive and data collection has been done using library resources. After examining the origin of rationalized religion, the basics and characteristics of the said topic were discussed and finally the shortcomings of rationalized religion were discussed. The results of the research have shown that rationalized religion relies on the foundations and features such as secularism and humanism... based on which it suffers from deficiencies such as: the lack of clarity in the definition of rationalized religion, failure to achieve the goals of the theory, and contradictions in the nature of faith. ...it has happened that in many cases, not only can it not be a gift for modern man; It has also led to pain and suffering.
Roghayeh hamel
Abstract
The current research is responsible for evaluating the criticism of Allameh Javadi in Tafsir Tasnim on the exegetical opinions of Allameh Tabatabai in Tafsir al-Mizan. These two interpretations are at the same level as Shiite interpretations. The importance of this article is to show the critical point ...
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The current research is responsible for evaluating the criticism of Allameh Javadi in Tafsir Tasnim on the exegetical opinions of Allameh Tabatabai in Tafsir al-Mizan. These two interpretations are at the same level as Shiite interpretations. The importance of this article is to show the critical point of view of Tasnim's interpretation of al-Mizan, so that after gaining the necessary knowledge in this field, one can answer the doubts of the questionersOne of the notable points in Tasnim interpretation is the criticism of interpretive views. Sometimes Tasnim commentators do not hide their free thinking in the field of opinion, even criticizing their teacher's point of view. The upcoming research has dealt with the most important axis of his criticism about the rule of context in verses 30 of Baqarah and 32 of Anfal with a critical analytical method. Therefore, based on the evaluation of both interpretations, citing the rules and documents of interpretation, it was concluded that in some cases, Allameh Tabatabai's point of view and in some other cases, Allameh Javadi's point of view is more sophisticated and closer to reality. arrives .
saeid salimi
Abstract
یکی از صفاتی که در آیات قرآن کریم و روایات اهل بیت علیهم السلام در مورد خداوند متعال به کار رفته، صفت «اراده» می باشد. در مرید بودن خدای متعال بین متکلمان و حکیمان ...
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یکی از صفاتی که در آیات قرآن کریم و روایات اهل بیت علیهم السلام در مورد خداوند متعال به کار رفته، صفت «اراده» می باشد. در مرید بودن خدای متعال بین متکلمان و حکیمان اختلافی نیست؛ اما در تفسیر اراده خدا اختلاف وجود دارد. شیخ مفید در آثار متعدد کلامی خود، اراده الهی را صفتی حقیقی، لنفسه و ذاتی برای خداوند متعال ندانسته، بلکه صفتی مجازی، فعلی و خارج از ذات ارزیابی میکند و پرداختن به آن را از باب ورود در لسان شرع میداند؛ همانند صفات غضب، رضایت، حب و بغض که عقل اتصاف آنها برای خداوند متعال را نمیپذیرد. وی مانند متکلمین معتزلی بغداد هم عصر خود، اراده الهی را عبارت از نفس فعل الهی و مغایر با علم و قدرت می داند. نیز اراده را از همراهی با ذات و در مرتبه ذات بودن عزل میکند و همگام با روایات، آن را حادث و غیر ازلی میخواند، در حالی که علم و قدرت از صفات حقیقی و ذاتی خداوند نزد وی هستند. بداء در مرحله اراده تکوینی به صورت فعل اول (قبل از بداء) و فعل ثانی (پس از بداء) می باشد که هر دو، نفس فعل و مرحله ای از تکوین می باشد و از بداء در اراده تشریعی (امر به فعل حسن در تشریع) به نسخ تعبیر می شود. قدر و قضاء از نگاه وی بر اراده( نفس فعل) تقدم دارد. شیخ مفید همگام با معتزله بغداد، بخاطر عدم انتساب قبائح به خداوند، منکر شمول اراده تکوینی خداوند در همه امور بودند.
mahnaz mozafarifar
Abstract
AbstractIssues related to the story of Adam (peace be upon him) on the idea of the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam) have been analyzed and interpreted variously. In holy Qur’an, the story of eating the forbidden fruit which was followed by the expulsion of Adam from Paradise ...
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AbstractIssues related to the story of Adam (peace be upon him) on the idea of the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam) have been analyzed and interpreted variously. In holy Qur’an, the story of eating the forbidden fruit which was followed by the expulsion of Adam from Paradise and its relationship to His creation and His angels and similar stories are expressed concisely. Among them, the problem of Adams' "Infallibility" and "Paradise" has always been disputed in Muslim commentators and theologians. Mullah Sadra and some of his commentators (Mulla Hadi Sabziwari and Tabatabai) have attempted to reach a defensible and comprehensive interpretation by refuting some paradoxical cases. So, they took the doubts which have been raised by the interpretation and explanation of these verses seriously into account and sought to find solutions for them. The purpose of this paper is to review and evaluate some doubts about these two issues and attempt to retrieve their response. The purpose of this article is to review and examine some doubts related to these two issues and retrieve their answers. Also, in this article, the truth of the creation of women was investigated from the point of view of the discussed philosophers, and it was found that women are created like men and a human individual.
Fahime Maghferat; Abbasali Farahati
Abstract
The first person, after the Holy Qur'an and the Messenger of God (PBUH), who spoke in the field of theology and raised and expressed theological topics, and his words became the source of this science, is Amirul Momineen Imam Ali (peace be upon him). By examining the different views of scholars, especially ...
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The first person, after the Holy Qur'an and the Messenger of God (PBUH), who spoke in the field of theology and raised and expressed theological topics, and his words became the source of this science, is Amirul Momineen Imam Ali (peace be upon him). By examining the different views of scholars, especially Sunni scholars, and examining the historical circumstances of the three caliphs from the confessions of the Sunnis and Mu'tazila, this claim can be confirmed. The infallible imams (peace be upon them) are among the first students of theological and theological sciences of Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon them), and after them, their students are Muslim scholars and theologians. Except for the Shiite thinkers, who are influenced by Imam (a.s.), in this article, by examining the works of Muslim scholars and theologians from the Sunnis, Mu'tazila and Ash'arites, their direct or indirect influence on the revealed teachings of the Commander of the Faithful, Imam Ali (a.s.) Assalam) has been paid. By examining the views of Sunni theologians such as Jahiz Basri, Abul Hasan Ash'ari, Qazi Abdul Jabbar, Fakhr Razi and Ghazali, the conclusion is reached that they are indebted to Amir al-Mu'minin Imam Ali (peace be upon him) in their theological views.
