Document Type : Original Article
Author
استادیار علوم قرآن و حدیث دانشگاه شهرکرد
Abstract
The issue of observing human rights in situations of war, as one of the most challenging yet fundamental legal and ethical concerns in the contemporary world, has consistently attracted the attention of scholars. Within this context, elucidating the Shiʿi perspective on human rights in armed conflict can provide a systematic response to questions concerning the relationship between religion, violence, and human dignity, while also revealing the often-overlooked capacities of Islamic jurisprudence and ethics. Accordingly, the present study adopts a descriptive–analytical approach to examine the theoretical foundations and core criteria of human rights in wartime on the basis of Shiʿi juridical, ethical, and theological teachings.
The primary focus of the study is placed on the concept of defensive jihad and the elucidation of key components such as the protection of inherent human dignity, the observance of justice, adherence to ethical principles in military conduct, and the distinction between combatants and non-combatants, all of which are analyzed in light of Qurʾanic and hadith-based sources. The findings indicate that within the Shiʿi epistemological framework, the legitimacy and meaningfulness of defensive jihad are intrinsically and inseparably linked to the observance of human rights and moral constraints, to the extent that any violation of these principles removes military action from its legitimate and religious framework
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