Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Assistant Professor of Islamic Ethics Department of Islamic Studies, Theology and Islamic Studies Allameh Tabataba'i University
2 Ph.D. in Islamic Philosophy and Theology, Imam Sadiq University (peace be upon him), Sisters Campus, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Discussing nature and its requirements as a common feature among all human beings is of particular importance. Proving the existence of God based on nature has always been one of the challenging concerns of thinkers throughout history. The upcoming research has identified the role of nature in proving God's existence based on the thought system of Descartes and Shahabadi with an analytical-comparative method. By examining the thought system of both thinkers, a kind of affinity between their statements is observed, which provides the possibility of a comparative study. In this regard, after expressing the points of commonality and difference in the opinions of both thinkers, the comparison of two points of view has been made. Nature is one of the aspects of commonality and the claim of separation of reason and faith, the difference in the foundations of epistemology and ontology is one of the most important aspects of the difference in the opinions of these two thinkers. By comparing the aspects of commonality and difference, it can be said that in Descartes' view, natural things are things that belong to true knowledge. The concept of God is one of these concepts that the intellect is naturally aware of. On the other hand, Shahabadi considers nature to be the form of human existence, and therefore, in addition to emphasizing the foundations of epistemology that Descartes discussed, he also paid attention to the foundations of ontology. Therefore, many of the problems of Descartes' philosophy are not observed in Shahabadi's intellectual system.
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