Comparitive Shias kalam

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

reviewers 2021-2022

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

Related Links

FAQ

Peer Review Process

News

Journals Metrics

Analysis of the nature and foundations of Imamism and Sunnis from Imam-Khalifa with emphasis on the views of Allameh Halli and Qazi Baghalani

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student of Qur'an and Hadith, Research Institute of Hawzeh and University; 4th Level Scholar (doctorate) in Shia Studies, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor, Qur'an Studies Department, Research Institute of Hawzeh and University, Iran

Abstract

The issue of Imamate and Caliphate in the cultures of Imami Shi'a and Sunni Islam is considered one of the key and contentious topics. This article presents a comparative analysis of the nature, foundations, and characteristics of Imamate from the perspectives of two theologians: Qadi Abd al-Jabbar al-Baqillani from the Ash'ari Sunni tradition and Allama Hilli from the Twelver Shi'a tradition. After examining and comparing their views, the findings indicate that the interpretations and beliefs of these two theologians differ significantly regarding the issue of Imamate. Qadi al-Baqillani considers the obligation of the Imam to be a religious duty rather than a rational one and fundamentally views the discussion of Imamate as a subsidiary jurisprudential matter. In contrast, Allama Hilli asserts that the discussion of Imamate is a theological issue and that the appointment of the Imam is divinely ordained. Consequently, from al-Baqillani's perspective and that of most Sunnis, the Imam is a governmental figure with both worldly authority and the responsibility to preserve and implement religion. This leads to differences in the nature, theoretical foundations, and specific instances of Imamate as reflected in the personal characteristics and attributes of the Imam. The present article, employing a documentary method along with data processing and aimed at elucidating the true concept of the Imam's existential reality and examining their attributes as the successor of the Prophet Muhammad, has been collected and organized.

Keywords

References
Qur'an
Amdi, Abdul-Wahid. (2003). Abkar al-Afkar Fi Usul al-Din. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiya. [In Arabic]
Amdi, Abdul-Wahid. (1998). Gharar al-Hikam wa Durar al-Kalim. Tehran: Office of Publishing and Culture, 1st edition. [In Persian]
Abi Hafs al-Nasafi, Omar ibn Muhammad. (1987).  Al-Aqa'id al-Nasafiyyah. Baghdad: Maktabah al-Muthanna, [In Arabic]
Ash'ari, Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Ismail. (nd). Al-Luma' Fi Radd Ala Ahl al-Zaygh wa al-Bida. Al-Azhar Library. [In Arabic]
Ash'ari, Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Ismail. (1991). Maqalat al-Islamiyyin. Beirut: Al-Maktabah al-Asriyya. [In Arabic]
Amini, Abd al-Husayn. (2001). Al-Ghadir Fi al-Kitab wa al-Sunnah wa al-Adab. Qom: Ghadir Studies Center, [In Persian]
Al-Taymi, Abu 'Ubaidah. (2009). Majaz al-Qur'an. Dar al-Fikr, 2nd edition, [In Persian]
Baghlani, Muhammad ibn Tayyib. (2014). Tamheed al-Awa'il wa Talkhis al-Dalaiil. Beirut: Cultural Books Institute, 3rd edition. [In Arabic]
Baghlani, Muhammad ibn Tayyib. (2003). Al-Insaf. Edited by: Imad al-Din Ahmad Haidar, Beirut: Al-Mazra'ah, 1st floor. [In Arabic]
Baghlani, Muhammad ibn Tayyib. (2003). Manaqib al-A'imma. Edited by: Samira Farhat, Beirut: Dar al-Muntakhab al-Arabi, 1st edition. [In Arabic]
Baghlani, Muhammad ibn Tayyib. (nd). Al-Intisar Linqil al-Qur'an. Edited by: Muhammad Ghulul Salam, Beirut: Nashir al-Ma'arif. [In Arabic]
Bukhari, Muhammad ibn Isma'il. (1982). Sahih Bukhari. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr. [In Arabic]
Badawi, Abdul-Rahman. (2017). Madhahib al-Islamiyyin. Beirut: Dar al-Ilm lil-Malayin, 1st edition. [In Arabic]
Baghdadi, Abdul-Qahir ibn Tahir ibn Muhammad. (1988). Al-Farq Baina al-Firaq. Edited by: Muhammad Mahy al-Din Abdul-Hamid, Beirut: Dar al-Ma'arifah. [In Arabic]
Baghdadi, Abdul-Qahir ibn Tahir ibn Muhammad. (1970). Tarikh Baghdad. Cairo: Maktabah al-Khanji, 1st edition. [In Arabic]
Bayat, Muhammad Hussein. (nd). Imamat Az Didgah Shi'ah Duwazdah Imamiyah Ba Takiyeh Bar Barahin 'Aqli, Ayat wa Riwayat. Tehran: Scientific and Research Article, No. 5. [In Persian]
Demiqi, Abdullah ibn Omar. (1988).  Al-Imamah al-'Uzma 'Ind Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah. Mecca: Dar Taybah li al-Nashr wa al-Tawzi', 2nd edition. [In Arabic]
Dinawari, Ibn Qutaybah. (2009).  Al-Imamah wa al-Siyasah. Tehran: Islamic Publishing Institute, [In Persian]
Hakim Husayni, Ubaydullah ibn Abdullah. (1990). Shawahid al-Tanzil. Edited by: Muhammad Baqir Mahmudi, Beirut: Aalami Institute, 1st edition. [In Arabic]
Helli, Hasan ibn Yusuf. (1996). Al-Nafi' Yawm al-Hashr. Dar al-Adwa', 2nd edition, [In Persian]
Helli, Hasan ibn Yusuf. (1988). Al-Fin. Translated by: Ali Vojdani, Qom: 2nd edition, [In Persian]
Helli, Hasan ibn Yusuf. (1996). Anwar al-Malakut Fi Sharh al-Yaqut. Beirut: Dar al-Uswa, 1st edition. [In Arabic]
Helli, Hasan ibn Yusuf. (1990). Kashf al-Yaqin Fi Fada'il Amir al-Mu'minin. Edited by: Hossein Dargahi, Tehran: Dar al-Ilm, 1st edition. [In Persian]
Helli, Hasan ibn Yusuf. (1994). Manahij Fi Usul al-Din. Edited by: Ya'qub Jafari Maraghi, Tehran: Dar al-Uswa, 1st edition. [In Persian]
Helli, Hasan ibn Yusuf. (2014). Minhaj al-Karama. Edited by: Muhammad Hussein Rahimian, Qom: Research Institute of the Abbas Mosque, 1st edition. [In Persian]
Helli, Hasan ibn Yusuf. (1992). Kashf al-Murad. Qom: Shakuri Publications, 1st edition. [In Persian]
Helli, Hasan ibn Yusuf. (1999). Bab Hadi 'Ashar. Commentator: Miqdad ibn Abdullah Fadil Miqdad, Translated by: Ali Asghar Halabi, Tehran: Asatir Publications, 3rd edition. [In Persian]
Helli, Hasan ibn Yusuf. (1996). Nahj al-Haqq wa Kashf al-Sidq. Translated by: Ali Reza Kohnasal, Commentator: Sheikh Ayn Allah Hosni Arumi, Qom: Dar al-Hijra, 4th edition. [In Persian]
Hamasi Razi, Sadi al-Din Mahmoud. (2009). Al-Munqidh Min al-Taqleed. Qom: Islamic Publishing Institute, 1st edition. [In Persian]
Hanafi, Sadr al-Din ibn Abi al-Izz. (nd). Sharh 'Aqidat al-Tahawiyya. Karachi. [In Arabic]
Ibn Abi al-Hadid Mu'tazili, Abdul-Hamid. (1967 CE).  Sharh Nahj al-Balagha. Dar Ihya al-Kutub al-Arabiya, 2nd edition. [In Arabic]
Ibn Taymiyyah, Ahmad ibn Abd al-Halim ibn Taymiyyah. (1943). Minhaj al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyyah. Egypt: 1st edition. [In Arabic]
Ibn Hanbal, Ahmad. (nd). Musnad, edited by: Beirut: Dar al-Fikr. [In Arabic]
Ibn Qutaybah Dinawari, Muhammad ibn Muslim. (1994). Al-Imamah wa al-Siyasah. Qom: Sharif Razi Publications, 1st edition. [In Persian]
Ibn Kathir, Ismail. (1988). Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim. Beirut: [In Arabic]
Ibn Majah Qazwini, Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Yazid. (nd). Sunan. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr. [In Arabic]
Ijji, Qazi 'Uzz al-Din, Abdul-Rahman. (1946). Sharh Mawaqif. Edited by: Abdul-Rahman Amirah, Egypt: Matba'ah al-Sa'adah, [In Arabic]
Ijji, Qazi 'Uzz al-Din, Abdul-Rahman. (1997). Qawa'id al-Maram Fi Ilm al-Kalam. Qom: Islamic Thought Institute. [In Persian]
Jurjani, Abdullah ibn Adi. (1988). Sharh al-Mawaqif. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, [In Arabic]
Johari, Ismail ibn Hamad. (1987). Al-Sahah Taj al-Lughah. Beirut: Dar al-Ilm lil-Malayin. [In Arabic]
Khonsari, Sayyid Muhammad Baqir. (1991). Al-Insaf Fi al-Imamah. Beirut: Al-Dar al-Islamiyya, 1st edition. [In Arabic]
Kulaini, Muhammad ibn Ya'qub. (1986). Usul al-Kafi. Edited by: Ali Akbar Ghafari, Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, 4th edition. [In Persian]
Lahiji, Mulla Abdur-Razzaq ibn Husayn. (1993). Jawhar Murad. Edited by: Zayn al-Din Qurbani, Tehran: Organization of Printing and Publishing, 1st edition, [In Persian]
Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir ibn Muhammad Taqi. (2024). Bihar al-Anwar. Beirut: 2nd edition. [In Arabic]
Mutazili Hamdani, Qadi Abdul-Jabbar ibn Ahmad. (1988). Al-Mughni Fi al-Tohid wa al-Adl. Cairo: Dar al-Misriyyah li al-Talif, 1st edition. [In Arabic]
Mutazili Hamdani, Qadi Abdul-Jabbar ibn Ahmad. (nd). Sharh Usul Khamsa. Cairo: Dar al-Fatawa. [In Arabic]
Muhaqqiq, Abdul-Ali. (2009). Imamat Tatbiqi. Afaaq Ma'arifat Publications. [In Persian]
Mousavi, Ali ibn Hussein (Seyyed Morteza). (1991). Al-Shafi Fi al-Imamah. Qom: Ismailian, 2nd edition. [In Persian]
Mousavi, Ali ibn Hussein (Seyyed Morteza). (1991). Al-Shafi Fi al-Imamah. Qom: Ismailian, 2nd edition. [In Persian]
Misbah Yazdi, Muhammad-Taqi. (1988). Rahnamashnasi. Qom Seminary Management Center, 1st edition. [In Persian]
Nasafi, Maimun ibn Muhammad. (nd). Tabsir al-Adillah Fi Usul al-Din. Cairo: Dar al-Fatawa. [In Arabic]
Nasafi, Maimun ibn Muhammad. (1997). Sharh Sahih Muslim. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah. [In Arabic]
Ojaqi, Nasir al-Din. (2008). Ilm Imam Az Didgah Kalām Imamiyah. Qom: Javidan Publications, 1st edition. [In Persian]
Qushji, Ala' al-Din Ali ibn Muhammad. (1996). Sharh Tajrid al-I'tiqad. Qom: Razi Publications. [In Persian]
Raghib Isfahani, Husayn ibn Muhammad. (1984). Al-Mufradat Fi Gharib al-Qur'an. Beirut: Al-Maktabah al-Radawiyya. [In Arabic]
Rabbani Golpaygani, Ali. (2007). Barahin wa Nusuz Imamat. Qom: Hajar Publications. [In Persian]
Rabbani Golpaygani, Ali. (2008). Falsafeh Imamat Az Did Matakallamin. Entezar Publications. [In Persian]
Rabbani Golpaygani, Ali. (2008). Kalam Tatbiqi. The Journal of Al-Mustafa University, [In Persian]
Rajabi, Husayn. (2001). Aqa'id Tatbiqi. Qom: Leadership Institute in Sunni Affairs, 1st edition. [In Persian]
Rezaei, Husayn. (2017). Imamat Tatbiqi wa Tahlili. Qom: Habib Publications, 1st edition. [In Persian]
Seyouri Hilli, Miqdad ibn Abdullah. (1986). Irshad al-Talibin ila Nahj al-Mustarshidin. Beirut: Al-Maktabah al-‘Ilmiyyah. [In Arabic]
Shahrastani, Abdul-Karim. (2008). Al-Milal wa al-Nihal. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr. [In Arabic]
Saduq, Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Babouyeh. (1982). Ma'ani al-Akhbar. Edited by: Ali Akbar Ghafari, Qom: Islamic Publishing. [In Persian]
Taftazani, Mas'ud ibn Omar ibn Abdullah. (1967). Sharh Aqidat al-Nasafiyyah. Undated, Matba'at Mawlawi Muhammad Arif, [In Arabic]
Taftazani, Mas'ud ibn Omar ibn Abdullah. (1991).  Sharh Maqasid. Edited by: Abdul-Rahman Amirah, Qom: Sharif Razi Publications, [In Persian]
Yazdi Motlaq, Mahmoud. (2002). Imamat Pajoohi. Mashhad: Razavi University of Islamic Sciences Publications, 1st edition, [In Persian]
Comparitive Shias kalam
Volume 5, Issue 8
March 2024
Pages 263-294
Files
Share
How to cite
Statistics