Hamid malekmakan; fatemeh khansanami; shabanali khansanami
Abstract
Paying attention to the literal meaning of the word messenger and prophet in the Qur'an, and when they are addressed as messengers when they are prophets, is an important point that has received less attention from Quranic scholars. Some have interpreted both as meaningful and a group as a meaningful ...
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Paying attention to the literal meaning of the word messenger and prophet in the Qur'an, and when they are addressed as messengers when they are prophets, is an important point that has received less attention from Quranic scholars. Some have interpreted both as meaningful and a group as a meaningful contrast between the words of the Prophet and the Messenger. The present study examines the views of Fakhr Razi and Allameh tabataba'i using library and descriptive-analytical methods. Fakhr Razi considers the criterion for choosing a prophet to be only the prayers of God by God and considers the prophet to mean a human being who is different from other people through revelation. According to Fakhr Razi, such a person becomes a messenger whenever he is commissioned to propagate revelation. He also considers the relationship between the two to be general and especially absolute. But according to Allameh Tabataba'i, the Prophet is a person who expresses to the people what is good for their livelihood and resurrection, and the Messenger is the one who carries a special mission, including the completion of a proof that seeks to oppose that torment and destruction and the like. Therefore, according to Allameh, the mission is a special and superfluous description of prophecy. Therefore, according to the above definition, it can be said that what Allameh knows as a "Prophet" is "Messenger" according to Fakhr Razi.
Ali Karbalaei Pazooki; Zinat . Noroozi
Abstract
Quranic Guidance and Deviation and its Relation to Human Authority from the Viewpoint of Allameh Tabataba'i, FakhreRazi, Zamakhshari
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Quranic Guidance and Deviation and its Relation to Human Authority from the Viewpoint of Allameh Tabataba'i, FakhreRazi, Zamakhshari
esmail esbati
Abstract
شیخ کلینی در عصر غیبت صغری و همزمان با اوج گیری شبهات علیه امامیه به نگارش کتاب کافی اقدام کرد. بسیاری از شبهات مطرح شده علیه امامیه مربوط به اسماء و صفات الهی بود. شیخ ...
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شیخ کلینی در عصر غیبت صغری و همزمان با اوج گیری شبهات علیه امامیه به نگارش کتاب کافی اقدام کرد. بسیاری از شبهات مطرح شده علیه امامیه مربوط به اسماء و صفات الهی بود. شیخ کلینی با گزینش روایات و درج آنها در کتاب کافی علاوه بر ارائه تصویری از باورهای شیعیان تلاش کرد به اختلافات موجود در بین امامیه پایان داده و شبهات مخالفان را نیز پاسخ گوید. بررسی روایات کافی نشان می دهد شیخ کلینی قائل به تفکیک بین اسم و مسمی، توقیفی بودن اسماء الهی و جواز شیء نامیدن خدا است. او معیاری برای تفکیک صفات ذات از فعل ارائه کرده و اراده را در زمره صفات فعل الهی جای داده است. به شدت با نظریه تشبیه و تجسیم مخالفت ورزیده و همزمان با تاکید بر اشتراک معنوی صفات الهی و صفات مخلوقین به تفاوت های کاربرد این صفات در باره خدا و مخلوقات توجه کرده است. در پاره ای از صفات الهی مانند صفات خبری نیز از نظریه تاویل حمایت کرده و معنای ظاهری آیات را رد کرده است.
Mohammad Ali Ashouri Kisomi
Abstract
Cornel West considers the prophets to have two characteristics of love and courage against the devil of their time, and by naming his approach as Prophetic Pragmatism, he intends to cultivate these characteristics. He uses the tradition of pragmatism, Marxism, African-American Philosophy, and Christian ...
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Cornel West considers the prophets to have two characteristics of love and courage against the devil of their time, and by naming his approach as Prophetic Pragmatism, he intends to cultivate these characteristics. He uses the tradition of pragmatism, Marxism, African-American Philosophy, and Christian liberation theology to arrive at prophetic pragmatism. In this article, using analytical-critical method, we investigate the place of Christian liberation theology in West's Prophetic Pragmatism. Due to the fact that most of the researches conducted on Prophetic Pragmatism either examine this approach in general or focus on examining the results of religious traditions in it, the evaluation of the place of Christian liberation theology has been neglected in it. The results of the present research show that social justice emerged from Christian liberating theology is opposed to the exercise of power and creates the necessity of Prophetic Pragmatism. Although liberation theology is not West's only source for Prophetic Pragmatism, it is the foundation without which this approach could not have emerged.
Mohammad Jafar Milan Nourani; sayyed Reza Hashemi Shah Ghobadi
Abstract
In the view of Wahhabi elements, prayer is one of the most important acts of worship and means asking with humiliation. Citing the verse "فَلا تَدْعُوا مَعَ الله أَحَدَا", they consider reading non-gods as invalid or polytheism and consider it permissible only in ordinary matters ...
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In the view of Wahhabi elements, prayer is one of the most important acts of worship and means asking with humiliation. Citing the verse "فَلا تَدْعُوا مَعَ الله أَحَدَا", they consider reading non-gods as invalid or polytheism and consider it permissible only in ordinary matters and in the present and living audience. While examining the concept of "prayer" in the Qur'an, relying on the views of some Shiite scholars, shows that, firstly, the above verse has nothing to do with the sanctity of asking God and it is about denying the worship of non-God. Secondly, it should be known that prayer in general has other meanings and it is seen in many cases that this word has a meaning other than the prayer of worship and is not considered polytheism. Also in this verse, prayer means worship. That is, no one other than God should be worshiped; But he did not seek to boycott any non-divine prayers. Another is that the Wahhabis claim that any reading of the dead is a kind of domination of the divine affairs. While some cases of seeking unusual and impossible things are also mentioned in the Qur'an and Sunnah, contrary to their opinion. This article seeks to critique the views of the Wahhabis and their misunderstanding and to identify their erroneous examples.
