farideh hakimi; Mahdi Dehbashi
Abstract
The main purpose of this research is to examine the views of Ghazali and Ibn Sina on one of the most controversial theological issues in the field of Islamic philosophy, namely the attributes of God and how these two thinkers explain the divine attributes. Due to the fact that Ibn Sina considers it impossible ...
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The main purpose of this research is to examine the views of Ghazali and Ibn Sina on one of the most controversial theological issues in the field of Islamic philosophy, namely the attributes of God and how these two thinkers explain the divine attributes. Due to the fact that Ibn Sina considers it impossible to understand the nature of God, therefore, he considers it possible to know him only through the knowledge of divine attributes.Because Ibn Sina considers God's attributes to be the same as His essence, so whoever can know His attributes is as if he has understood His essence. Contrary to Ibn Sina's opinion, Ghazali's approach regarding God's attributes has undergone many changes during different stages of his life. Because according to him, we can only attribute attributes to God that God has described Himself to. So, based on this, he considers God's attributes neither as his nor as other than him, and he believes that we should not ask any questions about this at all. The present article analyzed this issue with a library method and sought to resolve the ambiguities raised in this regard
Mohsen Habibi; Fateme Abbaszadeh
Abstract
Al-Ghazali considered the existence of the Imam necessary to Shari'a reasoning and the consensus of the Ummah and considered it useful for the consistency of religion and the world but did not consider infallibility for the Imam. He believes that we need the Imam only in the affairs of the state and ...
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Al-Ghazali considered the existence of the Imam necessary to Shari'a reasoning and the consensus of the Ummah and considered it useful for the consistency of religion and the world but did not consider infallibility for the Imam. He believes that we need the Imam only in the affairs of the state and equipping the army and ... that he does not need divine knowledge to perform such tasks. He, like other Sunni followers, considers Imam to be the people's choice and introduces any claim by the Shi'a as irrelevant to the issue of Imamate and non-sequential. In his view, if the news were sequential, we would never have doubted it, while we suspected it. Thus hadiths such as the hadith of Ghadir and Manzelat merely express respect and friendship between the Prophet (PBUH) and Ali (PBUH), and there is no reason to believe in the Imamate of Ali (PBUH).On the other hand, Khawaja Nasir has taken a stand against this view and considers the existence of the Imam to be obligatory, not on religious reasons, but based on rationality and "rule of grace" he considers it obligatory on God. He also suggests that infallibility is essential for the Imam by presenting numerous rational proofs, also, if he performs evil acts, he should be prevented from doing so, and in this case, the purpose of existence of Imam will be violated and the Imam's position will be lower than other people's; therefore, the imam must be installed by God and his messenger, and this is the Nas. However, It is also unlikely that the Prophet would be silent about such danger according to the manner of the messenger of God.
